In 1891, fossil remains were found on Java by an early member of the human family (Hominidae). These hominids were originally attributed to their own genus Pithecanthropus and popularly called Javanese . Today, all finds of Java fossil human species older than 250,000 years are considered to belong to the species Homo erectus. Along with these, no archaeological tools have been found.
In 1931–36, during an archaeological excavation by the Solo River in Java, an archaic human type was found that was excreted as a separate species. Today, these findings are considered to be early variants of Homo sapiens . Late Paleolithic bone and stone implements have been associated with these findings. A number of animal bones from this excavation testify that, among other things, ox and a now extinct water buffalo type have been the most important hunting game. Look at the man, by the way.
From the period just after the last Ice Age (about 12,000 years ago), three archaeological cultural groups have been separated, all representing transitional forms between Paleolithic and Neolithic cultures. The Hoabinhian culture is limited to Sumatra and is associated especially with large shellfish. There are also discoveries from many caves and rather. One of these, Gua Lawa, had a layer of culture over 3 m thick. At the top, bronze and iron objects were found along with Neolithic stone axes. During this, the implements were made exclusively of bones and horns. People seem to have lived on shells, wild vegetables and game.
During the Neolithic period new groups of people came to the islands. They brought with them the knowledge of rice cultivation, and they kept cattle and pigs. This immigration has stretched for hundreds of years and was probably completed approx. 1000 BC These groups also had the custom of building monuments and graves in stone. The megalithic groups can be divided into two – one older and one younger. The older group is associated with roads paved with stone, stone terraces, pyramids and monumental stone figures and blocks. The younger group is especially associated with the construction of nozzles and large stone coffins, which often contained more than one burial. The use of bronze and iron appears to have reached Indonesia at about the same time during the last two hundred years BC.